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大气污染 3

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Improvement of part-load performance of gas turbine by adjusting compressor inlet air temperature and

《能源前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第6期   页码 1000-1016 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0746-z

摘要： A novel adjusting method for improving gas turbine (GT) efficiency and surge margin (SM) under part-load conditions is proposed. This method adopts the inlet air heating technology, which uses the waste heat of low-grade heat source and the inlet guide vane (IGV) opening adjustment. Moreover, the regulation rules of the compressor inlet air temperature and the IGV opening are studied comprehensively to optimize GT performance. A model and calculation method for an equilibrium running line is adopted based on the characteristic curves of the compressor and turbine. The equilibrium running lines calculated through the calculation method involve three part-load conditions and three IGV openings with different inlet air temperatures. The results show that there is an optimal matching relationship between IGV opening and inlet air temperature. For the best GT performance of a given load, the IGV could be adjusted according to inlet air temperature. In addition, inlet air heating has a considerable potential for the improvement of part-load performance of GT due to the increase in compressor efficiency, combustion efficiency, and turbine efficiency as well as turbine inlet temperature, when inlet air temperature is lower than the optimal value with different IGV openings. Further, when the IGV is in a full opening state and an optimal inlet air temperature is achieved by using the inlet air heating technology, GT efficiency and SM can be obviously higher than other IGV openings. The IGV can be left unadjusted, even when the load is as low as 50%. These findings indicate that inlet air heating has a great potential to replace the IGV to regulate load because GT efficiency and SM can be remarkably improved, which is different from the traditional viewpoints.

关键词： inlet air temperature     inlet guide vane (IGV) opening     part-load     equilibrium running line     gas turbine (GT) efficiency     surge margin (SM)    

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“Partial pressures” of humid air in wide pressure and temperature ranges

Zidong WANG, Hanping CHEN, Shilie WENG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第4期   页码 511-517 doi: 10.1007/s11708-013-0281-7

摘要： “Partial pressure” in humid air is a question very much concerned by scientists and no satisfactory answer has been found to date. This paper proposes a novel method to obtain the “partial pressures” of the water vapor and dry air in humid air. The results obtained by the proposed method are quite different from that obtained by Dalton’s partial pressure law. The fundamental behaviors of water vapor and dry air are studied in depth in wide pressure and temperature ranges. Semi-permeable membrane models are proposed and applied for both saturated and unsaturated humid air. “Improvement factors” are developed to quantitatively describe the magnitude of the interaction between dissimilar molecules. One discovery is that the “partial pressure” of the water vapor in saturated humid air equals , rather than ( · ) which was formerly believed. The other is that the interaction between dissimilar molecules may be omitted when temperature is above “cutting-off temperature” for unsaturated humid air. This paper satisfactorily answers the quest of “partial pressures” in humid air from a new perspective.

关键词： partial pressure     Dalton’s partial pressure law     humid air     saturated     unsaturated    

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Effect of inlet box on performance of axial flow fans

LI Jingyin, TIAN Hua, YUAN Xiaofang

《能源前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第4期   页码 390-394 doi: 10.1007/s11708-008-0087-1

摘要： Numerical investigations on 3D flow fields in an axial flow fan with and without an inlet box have been extensively conducted, focusing on the variation of fan performance caused by the internal flow fields and the velocity evenness at the exit of the inlet box. It is interesting to find that although the inlet box is well designed in accordance with basic design principles, there is a flow separation region in it. Furthermore, this flow separation and the resulting uneven velocity distribution at the exit lead to some decrease in the efficiency and an increase in the total pressure rise of the fan. This research shows that the inlet box needs further improvement and such a check on the flow fields is of value for the design of inlet boxes.

关键词： box     velocity distribution     accordance     Numerical     variation    

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Experimental and kinetic study on laminar flame speeds of ammonia/syngas/air at a high temperature and

《能源前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第2期   页码 263-276 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0791-7

摘要： The laminar flame speeds of ammonia mixed with syngas at a high pressure, temperature, and different syngas ratios were measured. The data obtained were fitted at different pressures, temperatures, syngas ratios, and equivalence ratios. Four kinetic models (the Glarborg model, Shrestha model, Mei model, and Han model) were compared and validated with experimental data. Pathway, sensitivity and radical pool analysis are conducted to find out the deep kinetic insight on ammonia oxidation and NO formation. The pathway analysis shows that H abstraction reactions and NHi combination reactions play important roles in ammonia oxidation. NO formation is closely related to H, OH, the O radical produced, and formation reactions. NO is mainly formed from reaction, HNO+ H= NO+ H2. Furthermore, both ammonia oxidation and NO formation are sensitive to small radical reactions and ammonia related reactions.

关键词： ammonia mixed with syngas     laminar flame speed     kinetic model     sensitivity analysis     pathway analysis    

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空调客车内温度控制系统仿真研究

于梅春,张登春

《中国工程科学》 2006年 第8卷 第7期   页码 83-88

摘要：

分别采用模糊控制方法与常规PID控制方法，对空调客车内温度控制系统进行了仿真研究。仿真结果表明，PID控制能消除稳态误差，但超调大，过渡时间长，在工况变化较小的情况下，能满足一定的控温要求；对于对象延迟、工况变化较大的场合，模糊控制能实时跟踪空调工况变化，较快地达到控温目标值，节能率高，综合控制效果比PID要好。

关键词： 空调客车     温度控制     模糊控制     仿真    

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Numerical study of internal flow field and flow passage improvement of an inlet particle separator

Florian PAOLI, Tong WANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第4期   页码 386-397 doi: 10.1007/s11708-011-0156-8

摘要： By performing gas flow field numerical simulations for several inlet Reynolds numbers (from 2 × 10 to 9 × 10 ) and byflow ratios (from 10% to 20%), the present study has proposed to improve the flow passage of an inlet particle separator. An adjacent objective of the study is to lower pressure losses of the inlet particle separator (IPS). No particle has been included in the gas flow for a -epsilon turbulence model. The velocity distribution in different sections and the pressure coefficient along the duct have been analyzed, which indicates that there exist important low-velocity regions and vortices in the separation area. Therefore, the profile of streamlines along the original passage has been considered. This profile illustrated a vacuum region in the same area. All investigations suggest that the separation area is the most critical one for fulfilling the objective on pressure losses limitation. Then the flow passage improvement method has focused on the separation area. An improved shape has been designed in order to suit smoothly to the streamlines in this region. Similar numerical studies as those for the original shape have been conducted on this improved shape, confirming some considerable enhancements compared with the original shape. The significant vortices which appear in the original shape reduce in amount and size. Besides, pressure losses are greatly decreased in both outlets (up to 30% for high Reynolds number) and the flow is uniform at the main outlet. Subsequent engineering surveys could rely on expressions obtained for in both outlets which extend the pressure losses for a wide range of inlet Reynolds numbers. As a result, the numerical calculations demonstrate that the flow passage improvement method applied in this study has succeeded in designing a shape which enhances the flow behavior.

关键词： streamlines     pressure losses     flow passage improvement     inlet particle separator (IPS)    

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Effect of extrusion temperature on the physical properties of high-silicon aluminum alloy

YANG Fuliang, GAN Weiping, CHEN Zhaoke

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2007年 第2卷 第1期   页码 120-124 doi: 10.1007/s11465-007-0021-y

摘要： Light-weight high-silicon aluminum alloys are used for electronic packaging in the aviation and space-flight industry. Al-30Si and Al-40Si are fabricated with air-atomization and vacuum-canning hot-extrusion process. The density, thermal conductivity, hermeticity and thermal expansion coefficients of the material are measured, and the relationship between extrusion temperature and properties is obtained. Experimental results show that the density of high-silicon aluminum alloys prepared with this method is as high as 99.64% of the theory density, and increases with elevating extrusion temperature. At the same time, thermal conductivity varies between 104-140 W/(m " K); with the extrusion temperature, thermal expansion coefficient also increases but within 13?10 (at 100?C) and hermeticity of the material is high to 10 order of magnitude.

关键词： coefficient     hermeticity     temperature     relationship     air-atomization    

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An indirect evaporative chiller

Xiaoyun XIE, Yi JIANG,

《能源前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第1期   页码 66-76 doi: 10.1007/s11708-010-0021-1

摘要： A novel indirect evaporative chiller driven by outdoor dry air to produce cold water as the cooling source for air conditioning systems is introduced, and the principle and the structure of the chiller is presented. The cold water can be produced almost reversibly under ideal working conditions, with its temperature infinitely close to the dew point temperature of the inlet air. The key components of the chiller are an air cooler and a padding tower. To improve the heat transfer performance inside the chiller, a quasi-countercurrent air cooler was designed; a subsection linear method was used for the mathematical model of the padding tower. The first indirect evaporative chiller, designed and developed in 2005, has been in use in Kairui Building, a big hotel in Shihezi, Xinjiang Autonomous Region. The tested temperature of the water produced is below the wet bulb temperature of outdoor air and reached the average value of the dew point temperature and the wet bulb temperature of outdoor air. As the running components are only pumps and fans, the COP (cooling energy for room divided by power cost) of this chiller is high, and the drier the outdoor air, the higher COP the chiller obtained. Since no CFCs are used in this chiller, it would not cause any pollution to the aerosphere. Finally, the application prospect of the indirect evaporative chiller in the world is presented.

关键词： indirect evaporative chiller     dry air     dew point temperature    

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Industrial-scale investigations on effects of tertiary-air declination angle on combustion and steamtemperature characteristics in a 350-MW supercritical down-fired boiler

Xiaoguang LI, Lingyan ZENG, Hongye LIU, Yao LI, Yifu LI, Yunlong ZHAO, Bo JIAO, Minhang SONG, Shaofeng ZHANG, Zhichao CHEN, Zhengqi LI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第1期   页码 132-142 doi: 10.1007/s11708-020-0803-z

摘要： Industrial-scale experiments were conducted to study the effects of tertiary air declination angle (TDA) on the coal combustion and steam temperature characteristics in the first 350-MW supercritical down-fired boiler in China with the multiple-injection and multiple-staging combustion (MIMSC) technology at medium and high loads. The experimental results indicated that as the TDA increased from 0° to 15°, the overall gas temperature in the lower furnace rose and the symmetry of temperature field was enhanced. The ignition distance of the fuel-rich coal/air flow decreased. In near-burner region, the concentration of O decreased while the concentrations of CO and NO increased. The concentration of NO decreased in near-tertiary-air region. The carbon in fly ash decreased significantly from 8.40% to 6.45% at a load of 260 MW. At a TDA of 15°, the ignition distances were the shortest (2.07 m and 1.73 m) at a load of 210 MW and 260 MW, respectively. The main and reheat steam temperatures were the highest (557.2°C and 559.4°C at a load of 210 MW, 558.4°C and 560.3°C at a load of 260 MW). The carbon in fly ash was the lowest (4.83%) at a load of 210 MW. On changing the TDA from 15° to 25°, the flame kernel was found to move downward and the main and reheat steam temperatures dropped obviously. The change of TDA has little effect on NO emissions(660–681 mg/m at 6% O ). In comprehensive consideration of the pulverized coal combustion characteristics and the unit economic performance, an optimal TDA of 15° is recommended.

关键词： supercritical down-fired boiler     industrial-scale experiment     tertiary air declination angle     coal combustion     steam temperature    

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A biofilter model for simultaneous simulation of toluene removal and bed pressure drop under varied inlet

Jinying XI,Insun KANG,Hongying HU,Xian ZHANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第3期   页码 554-562 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0671-z

摘要： In this study, a biofiltration model including the effect of biomass accumulation and inert biomass growth is developed to simultaneously predict the Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) removal and filter bed pressure drop under varied inlet loadings. A laboratory-scale experimental biofilter for gaseous toluene removal was set up and operated for 100 days with inlet toluene concentration ranging from 250 to 2500 mg?m . According to sensitivity analysis based on the model, the VOCs removal efficiency of the biofilter is more sensitive to Henry’s constant, the specific surface area of the filter bed and the thickness of water layer, while the filter bed pressure drop is more sensitive to biomass yield coefficient and original void fraction. The calculated toluene removal efficiency and bed pressure drop satisfactorily fit the experimental data under varied inlet toluene loadings, which indicates the model in this study can be used to predict VOCs removal and bed pressure drop simultaneously. Based on the model, the effect of mass-transfer parameters on VOCs removal and the stable-run time of a biofilter are analyzed. The results demonstrate that the model can function as a good tool to evaluate the effect of biomass accumulation and optimize the design and operation of biofilters.

关键词： Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)     biofilters     modelling     biomass accumulation     pressure drop    

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综合空气污染和非适宜温度相关死亡风险构建空气健康指数 Article

张庆丽, 陈仁杰, 印冠锦, 杜喜浩, 孟夏, 邱杨, 阚海东, 周脉耕

《工程（英文）》 2022年 第14卷 第7期   页码 156-162 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.05.006

摘要： 本文试图通过整合我国大气污染和非适宜温度相关的每日死亡风险，建立一种新的空气健康指数（Air Health Index, AHI）。

关键词： 大气污染     温度     空气健康指数     死亡     时间序列     风险交流    

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不同侧向入口旋风分离器流场数值分析

陈启东,左志全

《中国工程科学》 2014年 第16卷 第2期   页码 58-67

摘要：

利用雷诺应力模型（RSM）对直切单入口、直切双入口、斜切单入口、斜切双入口、斜切螺旋面单入口、斜切螺旋面双入口6 种不同侧向入口旋风分离器内部气相流场进行了计算分析。结果表明：双入口结构旋风分离器内部压力场和速度场具有更好的对称性与稳定性；仅改变入口斜切角度对旋风分离器内部速度场和压力场的分布影响不大；当本文中6 种分离器内部具有相近的切向速度径向分布时，斜切螺旋面入口结构分离器压力损失减少约25 %，入口所需总压降低17 %，处理相同气体量的能耗约下降17 %；斜切螺旋面双入口（XS-L型）分离器是一种综合性能比较优的旋风分离器。

关键词： 旋风分离器     侧向入口     压降     入口总压     能耗    

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Field measurements on microclimate in residential community in Guangzhou, China

Zhuolun CHEN, Lihua ZHAO, Qinglin MENG, Changshan WANG, Yongchao ZHAI, Fei WANG,

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第4期   页码 462-468 doi: 10.1007/s11709-009-0066-6

摘要： Taking a certain housing in Guangzhou as an example, we conduct the field measurement of the microclimate at fixed points for air temperature, relative humidity, black globe temperature and wind speed, etc. We investigate the effects of manmade lake, shade of trees and ground surface character on outdoor thermal environment, and make a quantitative analysis on the weighting position of the landscape design factors in design behavior. The study intends to explore a method to improve the thermal environment of residential quarters by changing the corresponding factors.

关键词： microclimate     outdoor thermal environment     air temperature     black globe temperature     wind speed    

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An optimized solar-air degree-day method to evaluate energy demand for poultry buildings in different

Yang WANG, Baoming LI

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第7卷 第4期   页码 478-489 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019289

摘要：

The degree-day method is widely used to determine energy consumption but cannot be directly applied to poultry buildings without improvements in its accuracy. This study was designed to optimize the degree-day calculation and proposes a solar-air degree-day method, which can be used to calculate the cooling and heating degree-days and the annual cooling and heating loads under different climate conditions for poultry buildings. In this paper, the solar-air degree-day method was proposed, which considers the effects of solar radiation with different wall orientations and surface colors. Five Chinese cities, Harbin, Beijing, Chongqing, Kunming and Guangzhou, were selected to represent different climate zones to determine the solar-air degree-days. The heating and cooling energy requirements for different climates were compared by DeST (Designer’s Simulation Toolkit) simulation and the solar-air degree-day method. Approaches to decrease energy consumption were developed. The results showed that the maximum relative error was less than 10%, and the new method was not significantly different from the DeST simulation ( >0.05). The accuracy of calculating energy requirements was improved by the solar-air degree-day method in the different climate zones. Orientation and surface color effects on energy consumption need to be considered, and external walls of different orientations should have different surface colors.

关键词： base temperature     energy consumption     solar radiation     orientation     surface color    

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Performance analysis of a centrifugal compressor with variable inlet guide vanes

XIAO Jun, GU Chuangang, SHU Xinwei, GAO Chuang

《能源前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第4期   页码 473-476 doi: 10.1007/s11708-007-0070-6

摘要： The flow in a centrifugal compressor stage with variable inlet guide vanes (VIGVs) is investigated by numerical simulation in this paper. Analysis of the performance curves and relative velocity vectograms indicates that performan

关键词： performance     numerical simulation     performan     centrifugal compressor    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Improvement of part-load performance of gas turbine by adjusting compressor inlet air temperature and

期刊论文

“Partial pressures” of humid air in wide pressure and temperature ranges

Zidong WANG, Hanping CHEN, Shilie WENG

期刊论文

Effect of inlet box on performance of axial flow fans

LI Jingyin, TIAN Hua, YUAN Xiaofang

期刊论文

Experimental and kinetic study on laminar flame speeds of ammonia/syngas/air at a high temperature and

期刊论文

空调客车内温度控制系统仿真研究

于梅春,张登春

期刊论文

Numerical study of internal flow field and flow passage improvement of an inlet particle separator

Florian PAOLI, Tong WANG

期刊论文

Effect of extrusion temperature on the physical properties of high-silicon aluminum alloy

YANG Fuliang, GAN Weiping, CHEN Zhaoke

期刊论文

An indirect evaporative chiller

Xiaoyun XIE, Yi JIANG,

期刊论文

Industrial-scale investigations on effects of tertiary-air declination angle on combustion and steamtemperature characteristics in a 350-MW supercritical down-fired boiler

Xiaoguang LI, Lingyan ZENG, Hongye LIU, Yao LI, Yifu LI, Yunlong ZHAO, Bo JIAO, Minhang SONG, Shaofeng ZHANG, Zhichao CHEN, Zhengqi LI

期刊论文

A biofilter model for simultaneous simulation of toluene removal and bed pressure drop under varied inlet

Jinying XI,Insun KANG,Hongying HU,Xian ZHANG

期刊论文

综合空气污染和非适宜温度相关死亡风险构建空气健康指数

张庆丽, 陈仁杰, 印冠锦, 杜喜浩, 孟夏, 邱杨, 阚海东, 周脉耕

期刊论文

不同侧向入口旋风分离器流场数值分析

陈启东,左志全

期刊论文

Field measurements on microclimate in residential community in Guangzhou, China

Zhuolun CHEN, Lihua ZHAO, Qinglin MENG, Changshan WANG, Yongchao ZHAI, Fei WANG,

期刊论文

An optimized solar-air degree-day method to evaluate energy demand for poultry buildings in different

Yang WANG, Baoming LI

期刊论文

Performance analysis of a centrifugal compressor with variable inlet guide vanes

XIAO Jun, GU Chuangang, SHU Xinwei, GAO Chuang

期刊论文